In addition to the strict rules and regulations that were applied in the design and construction of ships, it is necessary to carry certain rescue equipment and devices that help in case of a disaster.

Not all vessels have rescue equipment, which will be discussed. It depends on the type of vessel, the number of passengers (and crew) on board, and requirements related to safety rules that determine the type and quantity and the rescue equipment available.

Listed below are the ...

Fire supplies must meet safety requirements, be of an approved type (RMRS) and be ready for use at any time.

Rescue rafts are passive life-saving appliances.  By design, inflatable and rigid life rafts are different, and by the method of moving overboard, they are dropped and descended. 

The requirements that all life-saving appliances must meet are established by the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS-74). They are reproduced in the Rules for the Equipment of Maritime Vessels of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping.

General requirements ...

A lifejacket, in accordance with the requirements, must be provided to every person on board the vessel and,
in addition:

1. for passenger ships making flights of less than 24 hours, the number of children's lifejackets must be provided equal to the number of at least 2.5% of the number of passengers on board;
2. For passenger ships on flights of 24 hours or more for each child on board, lifejackets should be provided for children;
3. Lifejackets suitable for children should be...

The lifebuoys corresponding to SOLAS should be:

1. Are located in easily accessible places on both sides of the vessel, on all open decks extending to the side of the ship; at least one should be placed near the stern;
2. The lifebuoys should be fastened so that they can quickly and freely drop them onto the water.

At least one lifebuoy on each side of the ship should be equipped with a floating boat conforming to the code requirements (equal in length to...

Signal rockets 

At least 12 parachute rockets , in accordance with the requirements of Section 3.1 SOLAS, should be on the bridge or next to it.

In addition to them, each lifeboat should contain: two  floating smoke bombs , four parachute rockets and six false guns .

Parachute disaster rockets (Section 3.1 of the IMO LSA Code)

The parachute rocket should:

• Contain in a waterproof casing;
• Have brief instructions or diagrams that clearly illustrate...

Sea and river vessels are objects of increased fire danger, because. are constructively small in size, in which a large number of power and electrical equipment are usually located. Especially fire dangerous cargo vessels (tankers) carry combustible substances and materials . 

The most frequent causes of fires on ships are - malfunctions in the power grid; smoking outside specially equipped places; carrying out of electric welding works with infringement of safety rules; careless ...

The norms of equipping small vessels, supervised by GIMS EMERCOM of Russia, operated in inland waters , with a minimum set of safety features:

1 - Kayaks
2 - Rowing inflatable boats, with a capacity of up to 3 people, not having a hard slide.
3 - Rowing boats, rowing inflatable boats, having hard slides, inflatable boats, with a capacity of more than 3 people, without rigid slans.
4 - Motor small-sized vessels up to 6 meters in length
5 - Motor small-sized vessels with a length ...

Naval vessels that fly under the Russian flag are equipped with emergency equipment. The shipowner shall have the right to determine the necessity and completeness of the emergency supply on board the vessel, taking into account its area of ​​operation, location, as well as the national standards of the flag State. All vessels other than vessels of restricted navigation areas RI, R2, R2-RSN, R2-RSN (4,5), and R3-RSN (except for ice class vessels Arcs, Arsb, Axel, Arcs and Ars9) ...

River vessels, being built and operated, should be equipped with emergency equipment.

For non-self-propelled vessels, non-self-propelled vessels with unicomponent unsinkability, non-self-propelled vessels of classes "P" and "L" of less than 30 m in length with a crew of non-self-propelled tankers, regardless of length, passenger and vessels for crossings with a flight duration of less than 1 hour; self-propelled classes "O", "R" and "L" with a crew of not more than three people on a voyage,...