Useful articles
FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis)
Decoding of NMEA signals (Part 1)
This section describes the functionality associated with the reception of data from navigation sensors, supporting the standard IEC 61162-1 or NMEA 0183.
Summary table
Summary table illustrates the principles of interaction with each navigation sensor.
| Sensor |
The type of data transmitted by the sensor |
Posts supporting the transmitted data |
Channel in the System Configuration Utility / Service / Sensors / Accuracy of the connected sensor |
|---|---|---|---|
|
GPS (GLONASS, DECCA, LORAN)
|
Position |
GGA
GLL
RMC
SNU
|
Pos. system 1 (Pos. system 2) |
|
COG & SOG |
RMC VTG |
Pos. system 1 (Pos. system 2) |
|
|
Satellite information |
GGA |
Pos. system 1 (Pos. system 2) |
|
|
Datum |
DTM |
Pos. system 1 (Pos. system 2) |
|
|
LORAN-C data status |
SNU |
Pos. system 1 (Pos. system 2) |
|
|
UTC time |
ZDA
ZLZ
ZZU
GGA
GLL
|
Time |
|
|
UTC date |
ZDA |
Time |
|
|
ARPA
|
Targets |
TTM |
ARPA_A (ARPA_B) |
|
VRM's, EBL's, Cursor |
RSD |
ARPA_A (ARPA_B) |
|
|
Heading |
OSD
VHW
|
Compass |
|
|
Speed through the water |
OSD
VHW
|
Log |
|
|
Sounder |
Depth under the sounder vibrator |
DBT
DPT
DBK
DBS
|
Sounder |
|
Compass |
Heading |
HDT
HDM
OSD
VHW
|
Compass |
|
Speed log (dopler log)
|
Dpeed through the water |
OSD
VHW
VBW
|
Log |
|
SOG |
VBW |
Log |
|
|
Digital anemometer |
Wind direction speed |
VWR
MWV
VWT
|
Wind |
|
Digital thermometer |
Water temperature |
MTW |
Temperature |
|
Yeoman digitizer |
WP position |
WPL |
Yeoman |
Format Data
This section provides a description of message formats, standards IEC 61162-1 and / or NMEA 0183, received and processed by the various navigational instruments.
Message format consists of the following parts:
$ - AAA, xx, a, c --- c, ... * hh <CR> <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
1 |
$ |
Start of sentence |
|
2 |
- |
Talker id |
|
3 |
AAA |
Mnemonic code of identifying the data type |
|
4 |
, |
Data field delimiter |
|
5 |
xx, a, c --- c ... |
Data |
|
6 |
* Hh |
Checksum field |
|
7 |
<cr> <lf> |
End of sentence |
DBK (Depth Below Keel) - depth of water under the keel
Standard NMEA 0183 v.2.1, 1995 (not recommended for new designs).
$ - DBK, x.x1, f2, x.x3, M4, x.x5, F6 * hh <CR> <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Title |
Value |
Note |
|
1 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
2 |
f |
Unit |
'F' - ft |
|
|
3 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
4 |
M |
Unit |
'M' - Meters |
|
|
5 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
6 |
F |
Unit |
'F' - Fathoms |
|
DBS (Depth Below Surface) - water depth relative to the water surface
Standard NMEA 0183 v.2.1, 1995 (not recommended for new designs).
$ - DBS, x.x1, f2, x.x3, M4, x.x5, F6 * hh <CR> <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Title |
Value |
Note |
|
1 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
2 |
f |
Unit |
'F' - ft |
|
|
3 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
4 |
M |
Unit |
'M' - Meters |
|
|
5 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
6 |
F |
Unit |
'F' - Fathoms |
|
DBT (Depth Below Transducer) - depth, measured from the vibrator sonar
Standard IEC 61162-1, 2000.
$ - DBT, x.x1, f2, x.x3, M4, x.x5, F6 * hh <CR> <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Title |
Value |
Note |
|
1 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
2 |
f |
Unit |
'F' - ft |
|
|
3 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
4 |
M |
Unit |
'M' - Meters |
|
|
5 |
xx |
Depth |
The depth |
|
|
6 |
F |
Unit |
'F' - Fathoms |
|
DPT (Depth) - depth
Standard iec 61162-1, 2000 IMO Resolution a.224 (vii).
Contains: the depth measured from the vibrator sonar and correction value for the location of the vibrator. positive correction means the distance from the vibrator to the water surface, the negative - distance from the vibrator to the keel.
$ - DPT, x.x1, x.x2, x.x3 * hh <CR> <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Title |
Value |
Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
xx |
The depth (in meters) |
|
|
|
2 |
xx |
Correction (in meters) |
|
not processed |
|
3 |
xx |
Maximum range scale in use |
|
not processed |
DTM (Datum reference) - geodetic data on the basis of
Standard IEC 61162-1, 2000.
Contains information on the reference ellipsoid into which the received coordinates.
$ - DTM, ccc1, a2, x.x3, a4, x.x5, a6, x.x7, ccc8 * hh <CR> <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Title |
Value |
Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
ccc |
Local datum |
'W72' - WGS 72
'W84' - WGS 84
'IHO' - reference ellipsoid terminology IHO
'999' - reference ellipsoid defined by the user
'S85' - SGS85
'P90' - PE90
|
Processed only 'W84' |
|
2 |
a |
Local datum subdivision code |
|
not processed |
|
3 |
xx |
Lat offset, min |
|
not processed |
|
4 |
a |
Hemisphere |
'N' - North;
'S'-South
|
not processed |
|
5 |
xx |
Lon offset, min |
|
not processed |
|
6 |
a |
Hemisphere |
'E' - East;
'W' - West
|
not processed |
|
7 |
xx |
Altitude offset, m |
|
not processed |
|
8 |
ccc |
Reference datum |
'W84' - WGS84
'W72' - WGS72
'S85' - SGS85
'P90' - PE90
|
not processed |
GGA (Global Positioning System Fix Data) - coordinate data for gps
Standard IEC 61162-1, 2000.
Contains: time, location and related data from the receiver-GPS.
$ - GGA, hhmmss.ss1, llll.ll2, a3, yyyyy.yy4, a5, x6, xx7, x.x8, x.x9, M10, x.x11, M12, x.x13, xxxx14 * hh <CR > <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Title |
Value |
Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
hhmmss.ss |
UTC time of observation |
Hours, minutes, seconds |
not processed in 3000 ns ecdis |
|
2 |
llll.ll |
Latitude waypoint |
Degrees, minutes and tenths of minutes |
|
|
3 |
a |
Hemisphere |
'N' - the north; |
|
|
4 |
yyyyy.yy |
Longitude Waypoint |
Degrees, minutes and tenths of minutes |
|
|
5 |
a |
Hemisphere |
'E' - the east; |
|
|
6 |
x |
GPS quality indicator observation |
'0' - observation is impossible or ineffective;
'1' - valid observation, GPS type SPS;
'2' - observation is valid diff. GPS SPS type
'3' - valid observation, GPS PPS type
'4' - valid observation, RTK
|
'4' is not processed |
|
7 |
xx |
Number of satellites used |
0 to 12 |
|
|
8 |
xx |
Horizontal Dilution of Precision |
|
|
|
9 |
xx |
Antenna height above sea level |
|
not processed |
|
10 |
m |
Units |
'M' - Meters |
not processed |
|
11 |
xx |
Geoid separation |
The vertical difference between the ellipsoid 'WGS-84' and sea level (geoid), |
not processed |
|
12 |
m |
Units |
'M' - Meters |
not processed |
|
13 |
xx |
Age data diff. gps (seconds) |
|
|
|
14 |
xxxx |
Station code diff.gps |
from 0000 to 1023 |
|
GLL (Geographic Position - Latitude / Longitude) - geographic coordinates
Standard IEC 61162-1, 2000.
Contains: the coordinates of the MS, the time of observation and data status.
$ - GLL, llll.ll1, a2, yyyyy.yy3, a4, hhmmss.ss5, A6, a7 * hh <CR> <LF>.
|
N |
Field |
Title |
Value |
Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
llll.ll |
Latitude waypoint |
Degrees, minutes and tenths of minutes |
|
|
2 |
a |
Hemisphere |
'N' - the north; |
|
|
3 |
yyyyy.yy |
Longitude Waypoint |
Degrees, minutes and tenths of minutes |
|
|
4 |
a |
Hemisphere |
'E' - the east; |
|
|
5 |
hhmmss.ss |
UTC time of observation |
Hours, minutes, seconds |
not processed in 3000 ns ecdis |
|
6 |
a |
Status data from the receiver- |
'A' - reliable data; |